The Beatles To This Day Are One Of The Most Famous And Essays

The Beatles to this day are one of the most famous and popular rock 'n roll groups in the world. The Beatles include George Harrison, John Lennon(1940-1980), Paul McCartney, and Richard Starkey(Ringo Starr). All of the Beatles where born and raised in Liverpool, England. John Lennon was considered the leader of the band. George Harrison was the lead guitarist. John Lennon was a song writer, one of the two lead singers, and rhythm guitarist. Paul McCartney was a song writer, one of the two lead singers, and a bassist. Ringo Starr played the drums. John Lennon's first band was called the Quarrymen (named after his High School). None of the three Beatles were in this band. Paul joined the group in 1957 and Harrison joined in 1958. They played with bass guitarist Sut Sutcliffe, and Pete Best, a drummer. Sutcliffe left in 1961 and Ringo Starr joined the band. Pete Best was asked to leave the band on April 16, 1962. He was considered the Beatles undisputed sex symbol. The Beatles were discovered on November 9, 1961 by Brian Epstein, a manager of a record store in Liverpool as well as an x British Army soldier. The Beatles first two song were "Love Me Do" and "Please, Please Me." The Beatles starred in two movies, "A Hard Days Night," and "Help." They also had their own full length cartoon called "Yellow Submarine." The movie "A Hard Days Night" earned 1.3 million dollars in its first week. The Beatles early music was influenced by singers Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley. In November of 1963 the Beatles performed in front of the Queen of England. This was an incredible honor. By the end of 1963 the Beatles were the biggest music group in England. The Beatles came to New York City for the first time in 1964. They were an instant success. A couple of weeks later after their New York appearance, the five best selling records were by the Beatles. They became world famous by the end of 1964. Also in 1964 the song "I Want To Hold Your Hand" marked the beginning of "BEATLEMANIA." The Beatles were unusual because most rock was strong beat with no melody. The Beatles added melody to rock. The Beatles also added strong and meaningful lyrics. John Lennon wrote a book called "In His Own Write." The Beatles started a new era of music. They wore their hair long and shaggy. This haircut was known as the Beatles haircut. All across the world people started wearing their hair like the Beatles. John Lennon described the Beatles like this "When you said it, it was crawly things, when you read it, it was beat music." The Beatles made their last stage appearance together in 1966. In 1967 the Beatles put together a master piece. The master piece was Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Heart Club Band. The Beatles never had a chance to perform Sergeant Peppers Lonely Heart Club Band. Also in 1967 Brian Epstein, the manager of the Beatles, died. Also in 1967 the Beatles directed a movie, Magical Mystery Tour. The movie was about themselves in which they toured the English countryside in search of wonder, fun, and magic. In 1970 the world famous and world loved Beatles separated. Everybody was hoping to see the Beatles come back together. That hope ended when the peace loving John Lennon was killed outside his New York City apartment by 25 year old Mark David Chapman.

The Story and Lyrics Behind The First Noel in French

The Story and Lyrics Behind The First Noel in French Aujourdhui le Roi des Cieux is the French version of The First Noel. The two are sung to the same tune, but the words are different. The translation given here is the literal translation of the Christmas carol Aujourdhui le Roi des Cieux. The song has been covered by a variety of popular French artists, including Michaà «l, but the French version of The First Noel is most commonly sung today by a church and lay choirs.   The History of The First Noel   The First Noel very likely began as a song that was passed along orally and sung in the streets outside of churches, since early Christian congregants participated little in the Catholic mass. The term Noà «l  in the French version (Noel in English) apparently  derives from a Latin word for news. Thus, the song is about a crier, in this case, an angel, spreading the good news that Jesus Christ (le Roi des Cieux) is born.   Although thought to be a 18th-century English carol, the  structure of The First Noel resembles that of medieval French epic poems, chansons de geste  like La Chanson de Roland memorializing the Charlemagne legends; these poems were likewise not written down. The song was not transcribed until 1823 when it was published in London as part of an early anthology called  Some Ancient Christmas Carols. The English title appears in The Cornish Songbook (1929), which could mean The First Noel originated in Cornwall, situated across the Channel from France.   Christmas hymns, on the other hand, were written down as early as the 4th century A.D. in the form of  Latin songs glorifying the concept of Jesus Christ as the son of God, an important element of orthodox Christian theology at the time.  Many hymns were drawn, for instance, from the 12  long poems of the fourth-century Roman poet and jurist Aurelius Clemens  Prudentius. French Lyrics and English Translation Here is the French version of The First Noel and the English translation:Aujourdhui le Roi des Cieux au milieu de la nuitVoulut naà ®tre chez nous de la Vierge MariePour sauver le genre humain, larracher au pà ©chà ©Ramener au Seigneur ses enfants à ©garà ©s.Today the King of Heaven in the middle of the nightWas born on Earth of the Virgin MaryTo save the human race, pull it from sinReturn the Lords lost children to him.Noà «l, Noà «l, Noà «l, Noà «l Jà ©sus est nà ©, chantons Noà «l  !Noel, Noel, Noel, NoelJesus is born, let us sing Noel!En ces lieux durant la nuit demeuraient les bergersQui gardaient leurs troupeaux dans les champs de Judà ©eOr, un ange du Seigneur apparut dans les cieuxEt la gloire de Dieu resplendit autour deux.In these parts during the night stayed the shepherdsWho kept their flocks in Judeas fieldsNow, an angel of the Lord appeared in the skiesAnd the glory of God glowed around them.RefrainRefrainLange dit :  « Ne craignez pas ; soyez tous dans la joieUn Sauveur vous est nà ©, cest le Christ, votre RoiPrà ¨s dici, vous trouverez dans là ©table, couchà ©Dun lange emmaillotà ©, un enfant nouveau-nà ©Ã‚  Ã‚ ».The angel said, Do not fear; everyone be joyfulA Savior is born to you, its Christ, your KingNearby, you will find in the stable, put to bedWrapped up in a flannel blanket, a newborn child.RefrainRefrain

Ethnographic observation report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethnographic observation report - Essay Example Cultural constructs are also well observable in the eventual assessment of the data. There was extreme exposure of cultural issues from the entire field (DeWalt & DeWalt, 2011). Data that was obtained through the entailed participant observation served as check against participants’ prejudiced reporting on regards to what they believe or even do. Undertaken participant observation availed very constructive data for gaining a well understanding of the varying social, physical, cultural, and economic perspectives of the population from which group study participants reside; the relationships amongst and between populace norms, contexts, ideas and outlined events; and their behaviors or activities (AranhaÃŒÆ'o & Streck, 2003). With regards to observation entailed, the data regarding appeal to fashion was highly varying regarding the altering or changing intergenerational segments of the community entailed in the research. Old generation people or old persons exhibited dressing models that indicated less exposure or nakedness while the young people were noted to have dressed in cloths that were very much exposing. The model of eating was well notable as many young people always walked along with snacks in hands while the old people restricted their eating habits to hotels or did not do at all while walking. The access to behaviors of various groups in the process was very comfortlessly possible. Young people or mainly teenagers, old people, drivers, law enforcers and normal working class people were all covered in the process. Teenagers exhibited very risky modes of behavior entirely in the program for the permitted time under which the data collection was taken. They were noted driving while under the influence of drugs or mainly alcohol, instances of driving when apparently fatigued and over speeding were regularly notable thus prompting transport accidents. Other substances similar to

Market Segmentation and the Disintegration of an Entire Market Assignment - 7

Market Segmentation and the Disintegration of an Entire Market - Assignment Example Demographic Variables concern the characteristics of customers, for instance, marital status, gender, age, occupation, income, education, and religion among others. Market segmentation can also be done on geographical variables deals with the regional placement of customers for instance countries, states, and urban centers while behavioral variables concerns brand loyalty, product usage rate, and willingness to purchase (Cahill, 7). Initially, Starbucks targeted the entire coffee market and but tried to differentiate its coffee by developing fitting personal service and thus the Starbucks Experience. It also applied Geographical Segmentation principle by distributing it's over 17,000 outlets in different countries. The principle of market targeting requires a business to recognize the diversity of its customers and thus should offer them diverse services or goods that meet their varied tastes. The firm should be able to move at the same pace as the demands of consumers changes. The Starbucks experience first changed due to its attempts to meet the dynamic needs of the ever-increasing number of customers. It had to reconstitute its operations, as well as open new coffee outlets in potential market segments. After realizing that the business was losing most of its customers to the competitors, Schult came up with new policies for strategizing the future of the organization. It was no longer appealing to the traditional customer, thus lost its specialty, and finally became different. Starbucks now aims at meeting the unique and ever-changing needs of its customers. Stiff competition from other coffee houses forced the company to change the brand of their products in order to differentiate them from those offered by the competitors. The firm is now more focused on the benefits that customers will generate from consuming its coffee, which includes personal satisfaction, quality services beyond the  customers’ expectations, timely delivery of services amongst others.

Crime Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Crime - Case Study Example In 1991, 35.7% of students in high school in the US were involved in physical fights and violations (Mass General Hospital for Children, â€Å"Violence Committed by Adolescents†). Thus, the incident which took place in the Gigantic State University can be stated as a crime. Negligence There was a negligence involved in the case from both the parties. The rise of tuition fees had resulted in violation among the students. The university could have negotiated with the Members of Students for Fair Tuition (SFT) regarding the tuition fees and the students should not have entered the President’s building by breaking the law. Laws and Rights The students broke the laws and rights of the university by taking such a violent step. They violently entered the President’s building and caused damage. Thus, the general civil laws were violated that prevents any person from causing any physical or mental damage to human beings as well as property. They also uttered bad words to the President. They were attempting to attack the President but were not successful to attack him and instead they threatened Prudence Pimply, the secretary. People Liable for Damages Students and University both were liable for the damage caused. If the university would not have raised the tuition fees suddenly, then such situation would not have cropped up. The mental damage was caused to the secretary of the president. She was not involved in this case but became a victim. Moreover, the rising tuition fees also caused physical and mental damage to the students of the university. Tort Liability and Exploration of Assault, Battery, Infliction of Emotional Distress and False Imprisonment A tort is considered as a complex legal concept that transcends to a wrong which may be restored that may not be criminal (governmental) or contractual (private) in its existence (University of South Florida, â€Å"Tort Liability†). The touching of one person without the consent of him or her with an intention to harm others is referred as assault. An assault might be committed without the assistance of battery and battery can be occurred without the help of assault. Battery means striking a person from behind without the consent of a person (Duhaime org, â€Å"Assault Definition†). Infliction of emotional distress is the cruel and disgraceful causation of extreme emotional distress. There are four planned infliction related to emotional distress. The conduct may be intentional, it can be severe and outrageous, causal association may be there between illegal conduct along with emotional distress. In addition, the emotional distress can be severe (Duhaime org, â€Å"Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress Definition†). False imprisonment relates to ‘intentional as well as complete imprisonment of a person against his or her will and without lawful justification’. The activities of false imprisonment will lie where a person is inappropriate ly detained. Moreover, little force is associated with detention (Duhaime org, False Imprisonment Definition†). In this incident, primarily infliction of emotional distress was caused to Prudence Pimply by the protesting members. 2.0 Case 2 Negligence Negligence takes place when the activities of both parties fail to perform effectively. When each party has certain state of negligence, accident takes place. In this case, Steve Simple was sent to climb the tower for painting, but tremendous thunderstorm had exposed him to a great danger of being hit by

The Importance Of Record Management

The Importance Of Record Management A record is a transaction between individuals or institutions that is first documented and then stored on a specific repository for a given, or in some cases an unspecified amount of time. Records vary in their contexts they can range from court records to state information that a country holds about its citizens i.e. birth and death certificates. Records in the current day and age are usually stored electronically on databases. Records provide an organization or government institutions with the necessary proof of the interaction with its partners, in the case of organizations, or citizens in the case of the state. Why is records management important and who is responsible for managing records in an organization? Records management is important because it essentially provides an organization or any other entity with of proof of the transaction that they have entered into with another party. It is also important in the decision making or strategic part of an organization. Kept records prevent data anomalies or inconsistencies, this is key on the part of those making decision for the company, if a department within an organization has managed to keep good track of what they have done or have not done it becomes easier for them to make decisions based on those records. Everybody in the organization is partially responsible for managing records in the organization. Employees have a responsibility to make sure that all their transactions with external parties related to the organization are kept recorded and stored electronically. However, the records manager or information officer is tasked with managing the records for the whole organization together with his/her team. The records manager is also responsible for drawing up policies that articulate the aims of his/her department to the rest of the organization. This is to make sure that everyone within the organization knows how to handle information and is also knowledgeable on the legal and corporate standards associated with records management. Outline an electronic records management cycle. I have identified four phases to the records management life cycle, with the understanding that there possibly could be more that can be identified or less. The first being: Creation. This entails the part of the cycle when records are being created or being received. The second part is: Active Records: these are records that are needed frequently. They are retrieved at least one per or month or as frequently as weekly, so these types of records are stored on readily accessible databases. The third part is: Semi-Active/Inactive Records: Semi active records are not needed for day-to-day business. Organizations need to keep them for referrals for legal reasons, of for financial reasons. They are not used often enough to warrant or justify their being stored in primary record centres. Semi-active records are often stored at a lower cost in a records centre. The fourth part being: Final disposition: The final disposition is the action that takes place when records have no more value to an organization. This phase can include physical destruction of the records of transfer of the records to the custody of an external body. What do you see as user interactions with the records? The user of the records is in the first place a part of the creation process of a particular record. Their input to the process is the relationship they have with the organization. The degree to which they interact with the records depends on the context and meaning of the relationship to an organization. Users of course could range from customers to employees. Employeesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ interaction with record should include them maintaining the records that they have created and updating them if necessary. A customer to an organization interacts with his/her record when they need to consult the business about the transaction they had with that particular business. What is an ERDMS and what are the benefits you see ERDMS bringing to your organization? An ERDMS is an Electronic Records and Documents Management System that is used for managing and storing records digitally. It is used to effectively manage paper and electronic records and documents. The benefits of such a system can in oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s view be separated from individual to organization. For the individual it can mean a quicker and more convenient discovery and access to information. An improved administrative efficiency and effectiveness. It could also mean the facilitation of evidence based information decision making. For the organization it could translate into secure and systematic management of unstructured data such as emails, documents and spreadsheets. And also efficiency gains with improved quality and consistency of organizational processes. Another benefit that one sees for the organization making use of this system is that there can be an enhancement of a recordkeeping culture in other words this best practice can be institutionalized to the whole of the organization. There can also be a reduction in records lost, and reduction in legal liability to exposure. An ability to integrate core business applications with core business applications with the ERDMS can enable improved records capture through automation. List the ERDMS functionalities and briefly describe each functionality indicating its importance? Functionality (a): What is stored? On these systems electronic files such as word processing documents, spreadsheets, multimedia materials etc are stored. Functionality (b): What end users can do? End users can create new documents which may or may not be records. They can also save files with limited metadata related to business functions. Functionality (c): Access and use Users can retrieve stored files. They can also receive action files accordance with workflow processes and also edit files and select whether to save as a new version or ne w document Functionality (d): Disposal. The users of the files can delete them when they do not serve any corporate or legal purpose their department or the whole organization.

The Benefits of Home Schooling Essay -- Education School Teaching Essa

Advantages of Home Schooling Home schooling was developed out of the desire to give students an opportunity to have a more personal, one-on-one relationship with their teachers and have a chance to learn at their own pace without being left behind by their fellow students. It was also designed to give the parents more of an opportunity to be involved in their child’s education by supervising the classes, getting to know the teachers on a personal basis, and having the flexibility to change class times and not worry about their child missing important information if they cannot be in class on a certain day. Although home schooling is considered by some to do more harm than good, especially with respect to the student’s socialization skills with other children, many parents opt to take advantage of this opportunity to further their child’s education and create a more comfortable, informal environment in which to learn. Depending on the particular Home School and the preferences of the family, home schooling can often serve to enhance the religious education and understanding in the students. Many people from many different religions choose to home school their children because religiously affiliated home schools find ways to integrate religion into everyday lessons. For examples, a handwriting lesson might include copying passages and scriptures from the bible, or a science lesson might discuss the idea of Creation as opposed to Evolution. A math lesson involving multiplication by two could incorporate the idea of Noah’s Arc. Another appeal of religious home schooling is the strong emphasis on morals and character development in the students rather than a strong focus solely on factual knowledge. The Christian Home Edu... ...d on November 23, 2003, from http://www.hslda.org/courtreport/V19N5/V19N501.asp. Neill, Monty (2003 November 21). Leaving Children Behind: How No Child Left Behind Will Fail Our Children [Electronic version]. Phi Delta Kappan, 85, 225-229. â€Å"Resolution on Improving Teacher Quality.† July 1998. American Federation of Teachers. Retrieved on November 23, 2003, from http://www. aft.org/about/resolutions/1998/quality.html. Scheuerman, William E. â€Å"Public Higher Ed: Battle Ground in the Tenure Wars.† The NEA Higher Education Journal. Thought and Action Fall 1997. Pages 63-77. Smith, Pete (2002). Mentor academy. Retrieved November 23, 2003, from http://www.mentoracademy.org/administration.cfm. Withrow, Gail S. (1998-2002). Religious approach to homeschooling. Retrieved November 23, 2002, from http://www.hometaught.com/app_religious.htm

Principles of Time Management Essay

Time is one of the most difficult resources to manage. You can not take back what is already lost, you can not renew the times that you missed. Moreover, it is one of the measures that all men are created equal because everyone is just given 60 minutes in an hour and 24 hours a day. In our fast paced world where everything seems to run ahead of you and you just have to chase time after time to accomplish things, you need a real good time management. Ecclesiastes chapter 3 in the Bible talks about time for everything. â€Å"There is a time for everything, and a season for every activity under heaven,† states in the first verse. This chapter alone teaches or urges people to set a time for everything to better manage time. There are a lot time management principles that we can suggest to a person however, it would be up to the individual to make the principles work. Dr. Jan Yager (1999) outlined seven principles in the book â€Å"The 7 Principles of Creative Time Management.† These include: Being active not reactive, setting goals, prioritizing actions, keeping focus, creating realistic deadlines, doing it NOW and balancing life. The D-O-I-T-N-O-W Principle states the following: Divide and conquer what you have to do. Break big tasks into little tasks and give each part of that task a realistic deadline. Organize your materials, how you will do it. Ignore interruptions that are annoying distractions Take the time to learn how to do things yourself. Now, not tomorrow. Don’t procrastinate. Opportunity is knocking. Take advantage of opportunities. Watch out for time gobblers. Keep track of, and in control of, how much time you spend on the Internet, reading and sending e-mails, watching TV, or talking on the phone. Before you know how to manage your time, you should first know what time is it. It is not telling the time in your watch but knowing the right thing to do at the right and proper time. However, you should also get a sense of time by tracking your watch. You can take control of your whole day if you know what time it is and what you should be doing on those times. Other than you good watch, you should still use other tool. One of which is a planner. Sometimes you can not memorize everything that you need to do in a day or in a week. Sometimes, you can not know if you have already done one job if you do have your list and you may result in doing it again; thus wasting your time. Grab a planner and make you checklist for the day. A planner use wisely will help you keep track your activities and help you evaluate regarding having balance. When you keep track on all your activities, you have a way to evaluate throughout the week and make it better if necessary. If you have the tools above and you still have the problem in managing your time, you need to identify the problem. Do you procrastinate? Do you always entertain interruption and waste your time in unproductive work?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Time management may be difficult but as the Bible says, make time for everything. Do not focus on how to manage

Speak No Evil Essays - Arbiter, Censorship, Mister Sinister

Speak No Evil Essays - Arbiter, Censorship, Mister Sinister Speak No Evil Freedom of expression, and open access to media, are as fundamental to the survival of Progress as the sun and rain are to the survival of planet Earth. Yet censorship remains a traditional response of any group that finds itself offended at another's message or creative indulgence. The argument that because they serve the public interest, media should willingly accept a moral arbiter to decide what will and what will not be disseminated is both uninformed and dangerous. The biggest problem is that nobody will have the opportunity to vote for the people charged with determining what information is left on the cutting room floor. Worse yet, certain lower life forms with an eye on world domination will always find ways to apply this primitive form of babysitting to their own sinister ends. Because the new communications paradigm calls only for media to get bigger-not better-access to media is more costly. As corporate interests pool their

Parole Linguistic Definition and Examples

Parole Linguistic Definition and Examples In linguistics, the individual expressions of language in contrast to langue, language as an abstract system of signs. This distinction between langue and parole was first made by Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure in his Course in General Linguistics (1916). Etymology From the French paraula, speech Observations Can there be a science of language, if so, do we have to stomp on it first to make it amenable? Do we have to murder to dissect, to quote Wordsworth? There are several things the would-be linguistic scientist can do. One is to slice up language in such a way as to have one part that lives and moves about in crazy ways, and another that stays in one place and thus can be dissected to reveal its inner nature. This is essentially what Saussure did, when he distinguished parole (the unruly side) from langue (the quiet side). Parole refers to the actual language use of individual people in their everyday lives, and is too erratic to be studied, according to Saussure. Langue is the shared social structure of language, and is richly structured as a system of systems. The latter is what can be investigated scientifically.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹(Leo Van Lier, The Ecology and Semiotics of Language Learning: A Sociocultural Perspective. Birkhuser, 2004)Langue/ParoleThe reference here is to the distinction made by the Swiss linguist Saussure. Where parole is the realm of the individual moments of language use, of particular utterances or messages, whether spoken or written, langue is the system or code (le code de la langue) which allows the realization of the individual messages.  (Stephen Heath, Translators Note in Image-Music-Text by Roland Barthes. Macmillan, 1988) The Analogy of a Chess Game The langue-parole dichotomy was introduced into linguistics by Ferdinand de Saussure (1916), who used the analogy of a chess game to illustrate what it entails. To engage in a game of chess both players must first know the langue of chessthe rules of movement and the overall strategy of how to play. Langue imposes constraints on, and provides a guide to, the choices each player can make in the act of playing the game. The actual choices characterize parolethe ability to apply the abstract knowledge of chess (langue) to a specific game-playing situation.  (Marcel Danesi, Second Language Teaching: A View From the Right Side of the Brain. Springer, 2003) Pronunciation: pa-ROLE

Authentically Human Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Authentically Human - Essay Example He suffers from a looped life in which he repeats incomplete actions anxiously. DBS (Deep Brain Stimulation) surgery improves a patients brain and helps their lives. After a patient is diagnosed with OCD, doctors can request a DBS surgery. However, after surgery, patients minds are under the control of doctors. In effect, patients do not have the ability to control their feelings and behaviors. However, patients can be able to control themselves and behaviors, as a basic human being. In the essay "Alone Together" by Sherry Turkle, she explores how robots could engage in intimate relationships with persons, as well as become a better life. People consider the ethical aspects of technological controls. Technology controls people’s feelings and constructs the virtual world, which damages social lives that separate the people from the reality. In essence, overreliance on the technologies cannot do anything on its own. Technologies become intimating with the virtual world rather than an authentic world, which is they drift people away from the real life through controlling their feelings. One of the problems associated with the use of DBS is that people change their emotions very rapidly and unreasonably. Slater expresses that along with the development of medical technology, the use of advanced medical technology brings improvement in the fight against diseases such as OCD. This technique was established on DBS treatment, which can lock off a part of humans feelings in order to treat OCD. Mario, who becomes one of the first American psychiatric patients, explains his experiences. He feels that the diagnosis and treatment process that he received from Dr. Greenberg and Rasmussen benefited him a great deal and saved his life. She says, "When Mario talks about that time now, tears come to his eyes. â€Å"It was like a miracle, I still have some OCD symptoms but way, way less. Dr. Greenberg and Rasm ussen saved my life† (241). However, DBS works to bring

Leisure in Victorian and Edwardian England Essay

Leisure in Victorian and Edwardian England - Essay Example Travel and tourism as a form of entertainment shall also be looked into. The perspective that shall inform these readings shall be that of class and its ramifications, its importance in shaping the consciousness of a society and communities within it.   Leisure in the Victorian and Edwardian Eras Forms of leisure in most societies are an important indicator of the class identities of the people who practice them. Access to certain forms of leisure is denied to people of the lower classes and this serves to demarcate them from the upper classes. In popular representations of the Victorian and the Edwardian eras, this demarcation is clear and is used, on most occasions to distinguish between the upper and lower classes. Conversely, this also affects the way the class consciousness of a particular community is formed. The activities of leisure that a community indulges itself in is something that is formed by its class consciousness, but at the same time, also forms the class consciou sness of that community. The Victorian and Edwardian eras in England were marked by an opulence that was based on the wealth earned through the imperial endeavours of the British state. This paper shall seek to analyse the development of the consciousness of communities belonging to different classes, through an analysis of different social institutions. The different institutions shall be analysed in different paragraphs. The rise of the novel as the main form of entertainment during the Victorian age says a lot about the changing social structures of this age. Social mobility was a major feature of the Victorian age. This came about as a result of the increase in trade during this age and the dismantling of the social hierarchies that privileged the gentry, to a certain extent. This was partially a result of the French revolution that questioned the sanctity of these class-relations (Hobsbawm). This mobility gets reflected in the features of the novel of this period. Not only was the novel considered a means of entertainment for the lower and the middle classes, they were also considered as the suitable form of entertainment for women, thus being a proof of the social turmoil that was characteristic of the period. The novels of this period showcased the rise of men and women from positions of social inferiority to high ranks within the society. This was a result of the readership of the novel which consisted mainly of the emergent bourgeoisie and also the larger context of the novel, the upwardly mobile lower and middle classes of England. For instance, in Jane Austen’s famous work, Pride and Prejudice, apart from the heroine’s rise from a lower position in the society to that of a high ranking lady, it is also interesting to note that case of the Bingleys. Having acquired wealth through trade and commerce, Mr. Bingley is an extremely eligible bachelor and a nice ‘catch’ even for the Bennets, who essentially belong to the aristocra cy. The social mobility of Mr. Bingley is one of the most interesting features of this book and forms a part of its significance for a study of the Victorian age (Austen). Not only does the novel talk about social mobility, it also influenced the way people thought about themselves and their position on the social ladder. The ideas given in novels also resulted in a lot of people of the middle classes actively trying to improve their lot. The situation was thus, one where the emergence of the novel influenced the bourgeoisie and vice-versa. This proves what leisure historians like J.A. Mangan has argued, where they talk of the â€Å"ways in which differential types of leisure and the values embodied in them are linked to social